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The Deseret Telegraph Company (〔(LDS.org: "Book of Mormon Pronunciation Guide" ) (retrieved 2012-02-25), IPA-ified from «dĕz-a-rĕt´»〕) was a telegraphy company headquartered in Salt Lake City, Utah, United States. The company was organized in 1867 to direct operation of the recently completed Deseret Telegraph Line; its largest stakeholder was The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. The Deseret line ran north and south through the Utah Territory, connecting the numerous settlements with Salt Lake City and the First Transcontinental Telegraph. The company was dissolved in 1900 when its assets, including the Deseret line, were sold to the Western Union Telegraph Company. ==Constructing the Deseret Telegraph Line== On June 16, 1860 the 36th United States Congress had passed the Pacific Telegraph Act of 1860, allowing the federal government to facilitate and seek bids on the construction of a telegraph line connecting the Eastern United States with the country's West. This act resulted in the First Transcontinental Telegraph, which was completed October 24, 1861 when a line from the East and a line from the West met in a telegraph office in Salt Lake City, Utah. Utah's Mormon settlers—members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints or LDS Church—had supplied labor, food, and transportation for the line, along with poles for about of its length. Church President Brigham Young served as contractor for supplying the materials and labor, bring $11,000 in gold to the LDS Church ($ in today's terms).〔Arrington 1951, p.118.〕 Completion of the transcontinental line raised the question of constructing another line to connect the numerous Mormon settlements in the Utah Territory. In February 1861, Brigham Young expressed his desire for a local territorial line, and a telegraphy school was established in Salt Lake City. Yet construction on the line was not started until 1865, due mainly to complications caused by the American Civil War.〔Arrington 1951, p.119.〕 On November 9, 1865 a letter was published by the ''Deseret News'' from LDS Church Headquarters to the various leaders in settlements up and down the territory. The letter included instructions that each settlement would be responsible for constructing the segment of the line near their community, and laid out steps that needed to be completed immediately. Money or other means were collected to purchase the wires, insulators, and other equipment, while poles—22 feet long, and as straight as possible—were to be cut and placed by the settlers.〔Arrington 1951, pp.121-122.〕〔Durham 1999, p.269.〕 The co-operative efforts of the line's construction made it the first publicly constructed and owned telegraph line in the United States. By the fall of 1866 all the poles had been set, and wire was being strung out from Salt Lake City; resulting in communities close to the Salt Lake Valley being connected to the system sooner than more distant settlements. On December 1, 1866 the line was completed from Salt Lake City to Ogden, Utah and Brigham Young sent the first message across the Deseret line to other Church leaders in Ogden.〔Durham 1999, p.270.〕 On January 15, 1867 the line was completed between its northern terminus in Logan and southern terminus in St. George.〔Arrington 1951, p.126.〕 Later the line was extended north to Paris, Idaho, and south to Pipe Springs, Arizona, with extensions into the Sanpete and Sevier Valleys, Tooele, Gunnison, Kanab, and several mining districts, such as Tintic and Frisco in Utah, along with Bullionville and Panaca in Nevada.〔Arrington 1951, p.128.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Deseret Telegraph Company」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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